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Dataset for: Structural mechanisms for the S-nitrosylation-derived protection of mouse galectin-2 from oxidation-induced inactivation revealed by NMR

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posted on 2018-02-15, 04:12 authored by Masayoshi Sakakura, Mayumi Tamura, Norihiko Fujii, Tomoharu Takeuchi, Tomomi Hatanaka, Seishi Kishimoto, Yoichiro Arata, Hideo Takahashi
Galectin-2 (Gal-2) is a lectin thought to play protective roles in the gastrointestinal tract. Oxidation of mouse Gal-2 (mGal-2) by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) results in the loss of sugar-binding activity, whereas S-nitrosylation of mGal-2, which does not change its sugar-binding profile, has been shown to protect the protein from H2O2-induced inactivation. One of the two cysteine residues, C57, has been identified as being responsible for controlling H2O2-induced inactivation; however, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. We performed structural analyses of mGal-2 using NMR and found that residues near C57 experienced significant chemical shift changes following S-nitrosylation, and that S-nitrosylation slowed the H2O2-induced aggregation of mGal-2. We also revealed that S-nitrosylation improves the thermal stability of mGal-2, and that the solvent accessibility and/or local dynamics of residues near C57 and the local dynamics of the core-forming residues in mGal-2 are reduced by S-nitrosylation. Structural models of Gal-2 indicated that C57 is located in a hydrophobic pocket that can be plugged by S-nitrosylation, which was supported by the NMR experiments. Based on these results, we propose two structural mechanisms by which S-nitrosylation protects mGal-2 from H2O2-induced aggregation without changing its sugar-binding profile: (1) steric prevention of H2O2 access to C57 by filling the hydrophobic pocket where the residue is located, and (2) dynamic prevention of H2O2 access to C57 by reducing the population of the transiently unfolded state of the protein, in which the residue is exposed to H2O2.

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3992826