Supplemental material to Milehunas and Lauenroth 1993

Ecological Monographs 63:345-364.

Supplemental 1. Normal probability plots, and plots of residuals over Y-hat and each independent variable in regression models presented in Tables 2,3, and 4. Solid bars in normal probability plots are the expected values and dot-filled bars are the observed. The appearance, or overall impression, of a horizontal band of randomly scattered residuals suggests that variance is constant, no departure from fitted equation, and an adequate model with no need for extra terms or transformation of data. ANPP (aboveground net primary production), Consumption (removal, or utilization, of ANPP by the large herbivores), Evolutionary History (Evolutionary history of grazing), Years (years of exclosure to grazing of the ungrazed treatment). Graphs for dominant species as the dependent variable are after transformation. The group of residuals at 75 years, in graphs where "Years" is the independent variable, is due to the assignment of this value to studies where the ungrazed treatment was a 'relict' or 'historical' (see Methods section and Appendix 1). Plots of residuals are provided because it was not possible to graph regressions in four or more dimensional space whereby the distributions of points about planes could be shown.