Ecological Archives A024-195-A2

Brian J. Harvey, Daniel C. Donato, William H. Romme, Monica G. Turner. 2014. Fire severity and tree regeneration following bark beetle outbreaks: the role of outbreak stage and burning conditions. Ecological Applications 24:1608–1625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-1851.1

Appendix B. Photographs of bark beetle outbreak severity measurements.

FigB1

Fig. B1. Photographs of general bole condition of trees classified as 'killed by bark beetles prior to fire' when galleries were visible on cambium (A-B), and 'killed by bark beetles prior to fire' when no cambium was visible but tree was obviously dead prior to fire (C) (Table 1). Photo credit: B. J. Harvey.


FigfB2

Fig. B2. Photographs of general bole condition of trees that were classified as 'green attack at time of fire' with partially constructed adult galleries but no larval galleries (A); these trees often contained dead female mountain pine beetles underneath charred bark at the top end of galleries (B) (Table 1). Photo credit: B. J. Harvey.


 

FigB3

Fig. B3. Photographs of general bole condition (A–B) and crown condition (C) of trees with fully developed Dendroctonus galleries, but retaining needles in the canopy, classified as 'live at the time of fire' but attacked by beetles post-fire if there was no evidence of 'green attack at the time of fire' in the plot. If there was evidence of 'green attack at the time of fire' in the plot, trees were assigned to the 'green attack at time of fire' class (Table 1). Photo credit: B. J. Harvey.


 

FigB4

Fig. B4. Photographs of bole condition of trees classified as 'live at the time of fire' if there was no evidence of pre-fire galleries on sapwood (A), or fresh pitch tubes and boring dust on the outer bark (B–C) (Table 1). Photo credit: B. J. Harvey.


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