Ecological Archives E093-188-A1
Amy M. McKinney, Paul J. CaraDonna, David W. Inouye, Billy Barr, C. David Bertelsen, and Nickolas M. Waser. 2012. Asynchronous changes in phenology of migrating Broad-tailed Hummingbirds and their early-season nectar resources. Ecology 93:1987–1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/12-0255.1
Appendix A (Table A1). Long-term phenology data from three study sites used for analyses. All phenological responses were adjusted relative to the vernal equinox (VE) in each year to avoid overestimates of advancement in spring events. Numbers shown for phenology variables therefore represent day of year, with day of vernal equinox = 1. Columns 3–5 are from Finger Rock Canyon, Arizona, USA (HB = Broad-tailed Hummingbird, CT = Castilleja tenuiflora). Columns 6–7 are from Tumamoc Hill, Arizona (FS = Fouquieria splendens). Columns 8–15 are from the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Colorado, USA (EG = Erythronium grandiflorum, DN = Delphinium nuttallianum). Sync = synchrony, calculated as number of days between Broad-tail arrival and first flowering.
Year | VE |
HB arrival |
CT first flower |
Sync HB & CT |
FS first flower |
FS peak flower |
April- May temp |
HB arrival |
EG first flower |
DN first flower |
EG peak flower |
DN peak flower |
Sync HB & EG |
Sync HB & DN |
1974 | 80.01 | NA | NA | NA | 8.99 | 21.99 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
1975 | 80.25 | NA | NA | NA | 37.8 | 45.75 | 0.17 | 54.75 | 79.75 | 90.75 | 84.75 | 102.8 | 25 | 36 |
1976 | 80.49 | NA | NA | NA | 6.51 | 25.51 | 3.36 | 58.51 | NA | NA | 76.51 | 90.51 | NA | NA |
1977 | 79.73 | NA | NA | NA | 24.3 | 31.27 | NA | NA | 76.27 | 76.27 | 76.27 | 84.27 | NA | NA |
1978 | 79.98 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 55.02 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
1979 | 80.22 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2.28 | 56.78 | 77.78 | 83.78 | 83.78 | 99.78 | 21 | 27 |
1980 | 80.46 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.25 | 58.54 | 80.54 | 85.54 | 86.54 | 97.54 | 22 | 27 |
1981 | 79.7 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4.39 | 54.3 | 61.3 | 73.3 | 70.3 | 83.3 | 7 | 19 |
1982 | 79.95 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1.89 | 56.05 | NA | 80.05 | 80.05 | 97.05 | NA | 24 |
1983 | 80.19 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.67 | 67.81 | 81.81 | 90.81 | 86.81 | 103.8 | 14 | 23 |
1984 | 80.43 | -2.43 | 25.57 | 28 | NA | NA | 2.08 | 53.57 | 81.57 | 89.57 | 85.57 | 104.6 | 28 | 36 |
1985 | 79.68 | 3.33 | 45.33 | 42 | NA | NA | 3.94 | 63.33 | NA | 76.33 | 76.33 | 88.33 | NA | 13 |
1986 | 79.92 | 15.08 | 2.08 | -13 | NA | NA | 3.58 | 62.08 | 71.08 | 73.08 | 75.08 | 93.08 | 9 | 11 |
1987 | 80.16 | 23.84 | 30.84 | 7 | NA | NA | 3.72 | NA | 54.84 | 72.84 | 62.84 | 84.84 | NA | NA |
1988 | 80.4 | 58.60 | 29.60 | -29 | NA | NA | 3.78 | 55.6 | 61.6 | 71.6 | 71.6 | 87.6 | 6 | 16 |
1989 | 79.65 | 42.35 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4.94 | 48.35 | 61.35 | 69.35 | 67.35 | 87.35 | 13 | 21 |
1990 | 79.89 | -3.89 | 46.11 | 50 | NA | NA | 4.06 | 44.11 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
1991 | 80.13 | 23.87 | 30.87 | 7 | NA | NA | 2.19 | 52.87 | 70.87 | 80.87 | 79.87 | 94.87 | 18 | 28 |
1992 | 80.37 | 21.63 | 35.63 | 14 | NA | NA | 5.72 | 52.63 | NA | NA | 66.63 | 88.63 | NA | NA |
1993 | 79.62 | 34.38 | 38.38 | 4 | NA | NA | 2.33 | 58.38 | 79.38 | 90.38 | 85.38 | 102.4 | 21 | 32 |
1994 | 79.86 | 31.14 | 9.14 | -22 | NA | NA | 3.61 | 51.14 | NA | NA | 75.14 | 85.14 | NA | NA |
1995 | 80.1 | 31.9 | 17.9 | -14 | NA | NA | 0.89 | 53.9 | 89.9 | 96.9 | 94.9 | 112.9 | 36 | 43 |
1996 | 80.34 | 50.66 | NA | 93 | NA | NA | 3.78 | 67.66 | 66.66 | 75.66 | 75.66 | 91.66 | NA | NA |
1997 | 79.58 | 16.41 | 51.42 | 35 | NA | NA | 2.67 | 53.42 | 72.42 | 74.42 | 76.42 | 94.42 | 19 | 21 |
1998 | 79.83 | 50.17 | 50.17 | 0 | NA | NA | 2.31 | 60.17 | 63.17 | 67.17 | 69.17 | 91.17 | 3 | 7 |
1999 | 80.07 | 44.93 | 62.93 | 18 | NA | NA | 1.89 | 62.93 | 69.93 | 79.93 | 77.93 | 95.93 | 7 | 17 |
2000 | 80.31 | 26.69 | NA | 104 | NA | NA | 5.17 | 45.69 | 61.69 | 69.69 | 65.69 | 81.69 | 16 | 24 |
2001 | 79.55 | -16.55 | 45.45 | 62 | NA | NA | 4.58 | 49.45 | 61.45 | 73.45 | 69.45 | 79.45 | 12 | 24 |
2002 | 79.8 | 114.2 | NA | 47 | NA | NA | 4.92 | 47.2 | 46.2 | 58.2 | 62.2 | 72.2 | -1 | 11 |
2003 | 80.04 | 41.96 | 21.96 | -20 | NA | NA | 3.75 | 50.96 | 63.96 | 69.96 | 67.96 | 85.96 | 13 | 19 |
2004 | 80.28 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4.61 | 44.72 | 55.72 | 57.72 | 64.72 | 79.72 | 11 | 13 |
2005 | 79.53 | NA | NA | NA | 3.47 | 27.48 | 3.25 | 50.48 | 66.48 | 70.48 | 74.48 | 94.48 | 16 | 20 |
2006 | 79.77 | 57.23 | NA | 92 | -5.77 | 27.23 | 4.61 | 58.23 | 56.23 | 62.23 | 64.23 | 78.23 | -2 | 4 |
2007 | 80.01 | 12.99 | 33.99 | 21 | 13 | 25.99 | 4.61 | 49.99 | 49.99 | 57.99 | 59.99 | 76.99 | 0 | 8 |
2008 | 80.25 | 33.75 | 26.75 | -7 | 17.7 | 29.75 | 0.86 | 51.75 | 75.75 | 83.75 | 91.75 | 93.75 | 24 | 32 |
2009 | 79.5 | 5.50 | 32.50 | 27 | -9.5 | 11.5 | NA | 51.5 | 57.5 | 68.5 | 68.5 | 90.5 | 6 | 17 |
2010 | 79.74 | 25.26 | 30.26 | 5 | 0.26 | 36.26 | 2.64 | 56.26 | 59.26 | 71.26 | 69.26 | 83.26 | 3 | 15 |
2011 | 79.98 | NA | NA | NA | 11 | 28.02 | 1.94 | 62.02 | 77.02 | 87.02 | 87.02 | 100 | 15 | 25 |